This may all be obvious but make sure to expand the download for Mac which is compressed, rename it “elm”, move it to /usr/local/bin, and run “chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/elm”. Make sure your elm.json, etc, now references “0.19.2” and that you have /usr/local/bin on your PATH and that you don’t have an old npm version of Elm hanging around, which you can uninstall.
Thank you for the comments! I tried elm init with 0.19.2 on a Mac running 11.7.11 and it worked. This was also an upgrade from 0.19.1.
The issue still persists on the macOS 10.15.8 machine though so it seems this is either OS-specific (I guess not that many devs running 10.15 these days) or something specific to this particular machine.
I’m gonna try creating a new user account on the older machine to exclude most environment-specific causes and report back on any findings.